Special resolutions and general partner removal
Limited partners in Professional Centres Canada LP can remove the general partner outright, but only through one mechanism: a 75% Special Resolution vote. This article covers the Canadian limited partnership only. The parallel vehicles in the United States, Spain, and Mexico use different governing instruments, with voting mechanics not described here.
What replaces day-to-day board oversight
A public corporation's shareholders elect a board that supervises management continuously. A limited partnership has no board. The general partner manages the business directly, and a limited partner who participates in management risks losing its limited liability. The Special Resolution is the structural substitute: a defined, high-threshold vote reaching a fixed set of matters, without requiring limited partners to sit on a governing body or manage the partnership themselves.
The Special Resolution threshold
A Special Resolution passes with 75% or more of the votes cast at a duly constituted meeting where a quorum is present, in person or by proxy. Limited partners may instead adopt a Special Resolution in writing, without a meeting, if partners holding 75% or more of all outstanding units sign it. Both routes carry equal legal effect. The 75% threshold sits well above a simple majority, so a Special Resolution requires broad consensus, not a bare majority of those who vote.
The eight matters requiring a Special Resolution
Limited partners may act on only eight matters by Special Resolution, and no other mechanism authorizes these actions:
- Removing Woodfine Professional Centres Inc. as general partner and appointing a replacement.
- Removing any successor general partner and appointing a new replacement.
- Waiving a default by the general partner and releasing it from related claims.
- Authorizing the sale, lease, transfer, or other disposition of all or substantially all of the partnership's assets, outside the ordinary course of the partnership's business or a final sale of the business.
- Amending the limited partnership agreement itself.
- Approving a change to the partnership's stated business.
- Amending or cancelling a Special Resolution the limited partners previously passed.
- Approving any transaction proposed outside the partnership's normal course of business.
A limited partner may vote its units on a Special Resolution even where it has a personal interest in the matter, with one exception. The sitting general partner, and its affiliates, cannot vote on a resolution to remove that general partner, waive its default, or release it from claims. A general partner that has already been removed faces no such restriction if it later holds units and a subsequent Special Resolution concerns a different, later-appointed general partner.
Removing the general partner
Limited partners may remove the general partner at any time, but only if three conditions are all met. First, the general partner must have committed fraud, or wilful misconduct in, or wilful disregard or breach of, a material obligation it owes under the agreement. Second, limited partners must approve the removal itself by Special Resolution. Third, limited partners must admit a qualified successor and appoint it as the new general partner, also by Special Resolution.
Where the alleged breach is curable, removal requires an added step. A limited partner must give the general partner written notice of the breach. The general partner then has 20 business days from receipt to remedy the breach before removal can proceed. An investment or divestiture decision, on its own, is never cause for removal, absent fraud or wilful misconduct — limited partners cannot remove the general partner simply because they disagree with an asset-level decision it made in good faith.
What this is not
This article covers only the Special Resolution and general-partner-removal mechanics set out in the Canadian limited partnership agreement. It is not a description of the Take Over Bid or buyout/takeout mechanics covered in the partnership's structure article, which operate independently of the Special Resolution vote described here. It is not a description of voting or removal mechanics in the United States, Spain, or Mexico vehicles, which are governed by separate instruments. It is not legal advice; a limited partner should consult the limited partnership agreement and qualified counsel for the rights applicable to its own units.
See also
- Professional Centres Canada LP — Direct-Hold Solution Structure — the partnership's entities, agreements, and change-of-control mechanics
- Statutory Rights — investor rights under securities law, distinct from the contractual voting rights described here
- Limited partnership structure — the generic general-partner/limited-partner legal form
- Four-Jurisdiction Framework — the parallel vehicles governed by different instruments